Cancer Basics
More information
- Learning about Cancer (Cancer.Net)
- Cancer - General Information
(American Cancer Society) - Cancer (Medlineplus)
- Cancer: Questions and Answers
(National Cancer Institute) - What You Need to Know About Cancer
(National Cancer Institute)
Your body is made up of trillions of cells. The life cycle of each of your cells is controlled by its genes. Cancer is caused by changes (or mutations) in a cell’s genes. Researchers have learned that mutations in genes can be caused by risk factors, such as lifestyle or the environment.
It is common for cancers to be named for the part of the body or type of cell where they began. Cancers normally start out small and in one part of the body. The cancer cells can break away (or metastasize) from the first (or primary) site of diagnosis. The metastasized cancer cells can enter the bloodstream, spreading to other areas of the body and form new tumors. The new tumors and primary tumor have the same name because they are made of the same kind of abnormal cells.
The best time to find (or detect) and diagnose cancer is in the early stage of its growth. Learn about cancer's early warning signs. Not all cancers have early warning signs. Regularly check your body for any changes. If you are concerned, schedule an appointment with your doctor. Having regular check-ups and screenings help your doctor to monitor any irregular changes in your body.
If you are diagnosed with cancer, the treatment will depend on the type and stage of the cancer. You and your care team will decide what the best comprehensive treatment plan is for you.